Pathophysiological and Clinical aspects of Nervous System affection in COVID-19

https://doi.org/10.51350/zdravkg20219318

Pathophysiological and Clinical aspects of Nervous System affection in COVID-19

Полный текст Full text Толук текст

Abstract About the authors References

Abstract

COVID-19 disease is characterized by respiratory ways and other organs and system affection. One of frequent clinical manifestation is neurological dysfunction. There is presented the most known up-to day COVID-19 associated neurological disorders in this review. Among the most common neurological manifestations are myalgias, headaches, encephalopathy, dizziness, dysgeusia and anosmia. Other conditions such as meningitis, encephalitis, encephalomyelitis, hemorrhagic necrotizing encephapathy and Guillain-Barré syndrome can be attributed to COVID-19 associated complications. The pathophysiological aspects underlying COVID-19 mediated neuroinvasion, which are based on the high affinity of binding of SARS-CoV2 to the ACE2 receptor, are presented.

About the authors

Мамытова Элмира Миталиповна, д.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой неврологии и
клинической генетики им. акад. Мурзалиева А.М. КГМА им. И.К. Ахунбаева, Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

Mamytova Elmira Mitalipovna, Med.Sc., Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology
and Clinical Genetics. acad. Murzalieva A.M. KSMA them. I.K. Akhunbaeva, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Мамытова Элмира Миталиповна, медицина илимдеринин доктору, доцент, И.К. Ахунбаев атындагы КММАнын акад. Мурзалиев А.М. атындагы неврология жана клиникалык генетика кафедрасынын башчысы, Бишкек, Кыргыз Республикасы.

References

1. Oficialnii sait Ministerstva zdravoochranenia Kyrgyzskoi Respubliki. http://med.kg/ru/1

2. Oficialnii sait BBC. https://www.bbc.com/russian/news-51706538.

3. Tancheva L, Petralia MC, Miteva S, Dragomanova S, Solak A, Kalfin R, Lazarova M, Yarkov D, Ciurleo R, Cavalli E, Bramanti A, Nicoletti F. Emerging Neurological and Psychobiological Aspects of COVID-19 Infection. Brain Sci. 2020 Nov 12;10(11):852. doi: 10.3390/brainsci10110852. PMID: 33198412; PMCID: PMC7696269

4. Gupta, A., Madhavan, M.V., Sehgal, K. et al. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Med 26, 1017–1032 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0968-3

5. Nepal, G., Rehrig, J.H., Shrestha, G.S. et al. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review. Crit Care 24, 421 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-03121-z

6. Brann DH, Tsukahara T, Weinreb C, Logan DW, Datta SR. Non-neural expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory epithelium suggests mechanisms underlying anosmia in COVID-19 patients. bioRxiv Preprint. 2020. Available at 10.1101/2020.03.25.009084.

7. Conde Cardona G, Quintana Pájaro LD, Quintero Marzola ID, Ramos Villegas Y, Moscote Salazar LR. Neurotropism of SARS-CoV 2: Mechanisms and manifestations. J Neurol Sci. 2020;412:116824. 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116824. - PMC - PubMed

8. Monteleone G, Sarzi-Puttini PC, Ardizzone S. Preventing COVID-19-induced pneumonia with anticytokine therapy. Lancet Rheumatol. 2020;2(5):e255–6. - PMC - PubMed

9. Nath A. Neurologic complications of coronavirus infections. Neurology. 2020;94(19):809–10. - PubMed

10. Liotta, E.M., Batra, A., Clark, J.R., Shlobin, N.A., Hoffman, S.C., Orban, Z.S. and Koralnik, I.J. (2020), Frequent neurologic manifestations and encephalopathy‐associated morbidity in Covid‐19 patients. Ann Clin Transl Neurol, 7: 2221-2230. https://doi.org/10.1002/acn3.51210

11. Shen Z, Xiao Y, Kang L, et al. Genomic diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients. Clin Infect Dis2020; 71(15): 713– 720. https://dio.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa203

12. García‐Azorín D, Martínez‐Pías E, Trigo J, et al. Neurological comorbidity is a predictor of death in Covid‐19 disease: a cohort study on 576 patients. Front Neurolo 2020; 11: 781. https://dio.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00781

13. Davies NWS, Sharief MK, Howard RS. Infection–associated encephalopathies—their investigation, diagnosis, and treatment. J Neurol 2006; 253: 833– 845.

14. WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) Dashboard. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 [7/28/2020]; Available from: https://covid19.who.int/.

15. Li, Y., Li, M., Wang, M., Zhou, Y., Chang, J., Xian, Y., Wang, D., Mao, L., Jin, H., & Hu, B. (2020). Acute cerebrovascular disease following COVID-19: a single center, retrospective, observational study. Stroke and Vascular Neurology, 5(3), 279–284. https://doi.org/10.1136/svn-2020-000431.

16Reichard, R. R., Kashani, K. B., Boire, N. A., Constantopoulos, E., Guo, Y., & Lucchinetti, C. F. (2020). Neuropathology of COVID-19: A spectrum of vascular and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)-like pathology. Acta Neuropathologica, 140(1), 1–6.

17. Parsons, T., Banks, S., Bae, C., Gelber, J., Alahmadi, H., & Tichauer, M. (2020). COVID-19-associated acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). Journal of Neurology, 267(10), 2799–2802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-09951-9.

18. Pilotto, A., Odolini, S., Masciocchi, S., Comelli, A., Volonghi, I., Gazzina, S., et al. (2020). Steroid-Responsive Encephalitis in Coronavirus Disease 2019. Annals of Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25783.

19. Camdessanche, J. P., Morel, J., Pozzetto, B., Paul, S., Tholance, Y., & Botelho-Nevers, E. (2020). COVID-19 may induce Guillain-Barre syndrome. Revue Neurologique (Paris), 176

20. Beydon, M., Chevalier, K., Al Tabaa, O., Hamroun, S., Delettre, A.-S., Thomas, M., Mariette, X. (2020). Myositis as a manifestation of SARS-CoV-2. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217573.

21. Jin, M., & Tong, Q. (2020). Rhabdomyolysis as potential late complication associated with COVID-19. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 26(7). https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2607.200445.