Our experience in providing palliative care to patients with liver cancer

Abstract

Relevance of the problem. Malignant tumors of the maxilla and its sinuses account for 1-3% of all malignant tumors of other sites. Symptoms in the early stages are nonspecific and poorly expressed, so most patients turn to oncological institutions with already widespread diseases. Maxillary sarcoma, cylindroma of the maxillary sinus, is much less common than cancer of the maxillary sinus. Epithelial malignant tumors are thought to develop in the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus, hard palate, alveolar process, while sarcomas have different histological associations and can arise from various tissues of the jaw. Despite the use of modern treatment methods, long-term cure is achieved in 18-30% of cases. When deciding on surgery for a malignant tumor of the maxillary sinus, one should consider the issue of radical removal. To perform a radical operation, the most gentle incisions and measures necessary to preserve function should be used. The aim of the study: to find ways to improve the treatment of patients with widespread malignant tumors of the maxilla and its sinuses. Material and methods. In our observation, there were 43 patients with malignant tumors of the maxillary sinus of stage III-IV of the disease. Results. 13 patients underwent advanced surgical interventions, followed by radiation therapy. 27 patients received radiation therapy according to the radical program, 3 patients received palliative treatment. Lymphogenous and hematogenous metastasis is characteristic of maxillary sinus cancer. Regional metastases to the cervical lymph nodes were detected in 7 patients, which was 16.3%. The submandibular and superior lymph nodes of the deep cervical group were mainly affected. Conclusion. The combined approach for the treatment of patients with stage III-IV of the maxillary sinus turned out to be the most effective, with its use the three-year survival rate was 56.5%, and the five-year survival rate was -51.3%. The determining factor in the prognosis of treatment is the morphological form and spread of the primary tumor.

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